Passive Cooling Design Opportunities: Lessons Learned from Traditional Banjar Houses

Dharmatanna, Stephanus Wirawan and Wijaya, Elvina Shanggrama and WIJAYA, BUDI CAHYADI (2024) Passive Cooling Design Opportunities: Lessons Learned from Traditional Banjar Houses. [UNSPECIFIED]

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Abstract

Indonesia is an archipelago country that encompasses many different ethnicities across five large islands, one of which is Kalimantan (Borneo) Island. The river has become the lifeline in Borneo, especially for Banjar people. Banjar people have eleven types of traditional houses, each designed for specific social classes, which differ from one another in terms of materials, layout, and roof proportions. In this paper, three different types of Banjar traditional houses are compared to study the passive cooling conditions related to the proportions of the floor plan and cross-section. These three types are: (1) Bubungan Tinggi House, (2) Palimbangan House, and (3) Lanting House. The three types of houses are modelled and simulated using RWIND CFD software, by inputting the maximum and minimum wind speed (3.5 and 17 m/s), to study the potential of imitating vernacular forms that assures effective passive cooling. The result is that the Palimbangan house has the most balanced passive cooling performance through wind movements and direction. The findings could serve as an alternative for application in modern housing architecture that is sustainable and energy-efficient.

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